Трансгендарнасць: Розніца паміж версіямі
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== Тэрміналогія і мова ==
Першыя даследнікі трансгендарнасці выкарыстоўвалі для апісання трансгендарных людзей займеннікі і асабістыя імёны, якія адпавядалі прыпісанаму пры нараджэнні полу, тым самым адмаўлялі гендарную ідэнтычнасць тых, каго даследвалі. З пункту погляду некаторых сучасных даследнікаў, адмаўленне гендарнай ідэнтычнасці прадстаўляе сабой праяву [[Ідэалогія|ідэалогіі]], якая сцвярджае непаўнавартаснасць або «ненатуральнасць» трансгендарных людзей. <ref>''Ansara, Y Gavriel, and Peter Hegarty'' [http://ansaraonline.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ansara__Hegarty_2012_Cisgenderism_in_Psychology.19690333.pdf Cisgenderism in psychology: pathologising and misgendering children from 1999 to 2008] // Psychology & Sexuality. — 2011. — № 3. — С. 137-160. «Article records… were evaluated for two kinds of ''cisgenderism'', the ideology that invalidates or pathologises self-designated genders that contrast with external designations. ''Misgendering'' language contradicts children’s own gender assignations and was less frequent than ''pathologising'' language which constructs children’s own gender assigna- tions and expression as disordered.» </ref><ref name=":1">''Ansara, Y. G.'' [http://ansaraonline.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ansara_2010_Beyond_Cisgenderism2489333619690656.219211844.pdf Beyond Cisgenderism: Counselling people with non-assigned gender identities] // ''Moon, L. (ed.)'' Counselling Ideologies: Queer Challenges to Heteronormativity. — Aldershot: Ashgate, 2010. — С. 167-200. «In this chapter, I will use the term cisgenderism to describe the individual, social, and institutional attitudes, policies, and practices that assume people with non-assigned gender identities are inferior, 'unnatural' or disordered and which construct people with non-assigned gender identities as 'the effect to be explained'.»</ref> Праваабаронцы і дасдеднікі ўказваюць на тое, што адмаўленне гендарнай ідэнтычнасці трансгендарных людзей можа непасрэдна прыводзіць да дыскрымінацыі і [[Гвалт|гвалту]] над імі. <ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">[https://transgenderlawcenter.org/archives/8975 Journalists: Commit to Fair and Accurate Coverage of Transgender People, including Pvt. Chelsea Manning]. Transgender Law Center (2013). — «Always use a transgender person’s preferred name»</ref><ref>''Ansara, Y. G.'' [http://ansaraonline.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Chapter_Seven_Ansara_with_Reference.19690148.pdf Cisgenderism in medical settings: How collaborative partnerships can challenge structural violence] // ''Rivers, I., & Ward, R. (Eds.)'' Out of the ordinary: LGBT lives. — Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2012. — С. 102-122.</ref>
Тыя сучасныя стылістычныя дапаможнікі для журналістаў, якія займаюцца тэмай асвятлення жыцця трансгендарных людзей, рэкамендуюць заўсёды выкарыстоўваць у іх дачыненні тыя самавызначэнні, асабістыя імёны і займеннікі, якія гэтыя людзі для сябе выбралі <ref>[https://blog.ap.org/announcements/ap-editors-note-on-manning AP editors’ note on Manning], ''Associated Press'' (22 August 2013).</ref><ref>''Division of Public Affairs.'' [http://www.vanderbilt.edu/publicaffairs/styleguide.pdf Style Guide]. Vanderbilt University (September 2011). </ref><ref>[http://commonground.richmond.edu/common/pdfs/trans-etiquette.pdf Frequently Asked Questions on Trans Identity]. ''Common Ground – Trans Etiquette''. University of Richmond.</ref>, у тым ліку ў выпадках, калі гаворка ідзе пра мінулае чалавека <ref name=":2" /><ref>[http://commonground.richmond.edu/common/pdfs/trans-etiquette.pdf NAMES, PRONOUN USAGE & DESCRIPTIONS] (PDF). ''GLAAD Media Reference Guide''. GLAAD (May 2010). — «Try to write transgender people's stories from the present day, instead of narrating them from some point in the past» </ref>. Такія ж рэкамендацыі адрасуюцца псіхолагам і медыцынскім работнікам, якія аказваюць дапамогу трансгендарным людзям. <ref>[http://www.lgbthealtheducation.org/wp-content/uploads/Handout_7-C_Glossary_of_Gender_and_Transgender_Terms__fi.pdf Glossary of Gender and Transgender Terms (PDF)]. Preface: Fenway Health (January 2010).</ref><ref>''Glicksman, Eve'' [http://www.apa.org/monitor/2013/04/complicated.aspx Transgender terminology: It's complicated]. Vol 44, No. 4: American Psychological Association (April 2013).</ref><ref>''Sponsored by the American Medical Association and The Fenway Health with unrestricted support from Fenway Health and Pfizer.'' [http://www.lgbthealtheducation.org/wp-content/uploads/national_lgbt_healthcare_needs_ppt.pdf Meeting the Health Care Needs of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) People: The End to LGBT Invisibility] </ref><ref>[http://www.pinktherapy.com/portals/0/downloadables/intersecting/race_culture_sexuality_pt3.pdf ISSUES IN THERAPY WITH LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL AND TRANSGENDER CLIENTS]. Edited by CHARLES NEAL and DOMINIC DAVIES. OPEN UNIVERSITY PRESS, Philadelphia (2010). </ref><ref>''Elizondo, Paul M. III, D.O.'' [http://www.psychiatrictimes.com/gender-issues/working-transgender-persons Working With Transgender Persons]. Phychiatric Times (6 September 2012).</ref><ref>[http://www.counseling.org/Resources/Competencies/ALGBTIC_Competencies.pdf Competencies for Counseling with Transgender Clients] (PDF). Association for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Issues in Counseling (18 September 2009).</ref>
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